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blog名称:语义Web step-up 日志总数:22 评论数量:81 留言数量:5 访问次数:215033 建立时间:2004年10月29日 |

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[语义Web理论]RDF storage system如何支持OWL的推理(2) 读书笔记, 科学研究
orangebench 发表于 2004/11/18 11:36:59 |
支持OWL推理的主要方法有:
1)Rule based approach: Jena2
把rule引擎建立在数据库中,但Jena2的rule引擎好像只能处理内存中的RDF模型。另外基于rule的方法的推理是不完全的。
2)DL Reasoner+RDB: Instance Store ; DLDB[1]
instance store=Racer+RDB; 只支持role-free的ABoxDLDB= FaCT+RDB: 只对类和属性用数据库的视图做缓存,具体如何支持OWL推理,未知。
3)RDB: IBM的snobase
用数据库的trigger实现OWL推理,能实现多大程度,效率如何,理论结果等未知。但是:
“Even certain types of inference rules can be implemented in RDBMSs. As described by Ullman [2, Chapter 3], for any set of safe, non-recursive datalog rules with stratified negation, there exists an expression in relational algebra that computes a relation for each predicate in the set of rules. Thus database views could be used to compute each predicate. Therefore, some but not all, of the rules could be implemented using views. Depending on the RDBMS, some recursive predicates may even be computable. For example, some commercial RDBMSs include operators to compute the transitive closure of a relation (e.g., the CONNECT WITH option in the Oracle SELECT operator).”
4)Deductive database:XSB
我看到用deductive database,如XSB可以支持部分OWL Lite的推理,因为一个OWL Lite的子集可以用Datalog或prolog完全刻画(如:description logic program[3]), 但不知道deductive database的效率如何,不明白这项在90年代初就比较成熟的技术为什么没有被工业界采纳。
也许snobase方法的理论基础在deductive database。
5)Native XML database“对于"以数据为中心"的XML文档,XED(XML Enabled Database)可以方便地将其中的数据抽取,存储在传统数据库中,但对于 “以文档为中心"的XML文档则显得力不从心了。NXD由于无需在两种模型之间转换数据,因此在处理"以文档为中心"的XML文档就很有优势。”
这样看来,RDF数据当然可以存在XML数据库中,但XED更为合适些。但XML数据库如何支持OWL的推理,还是个难题。
总之,这是个很困难的问题,也许instance store是条不错的路子。
6)approximate logical reasoning techniques; Distribution and parallelization of inference[4]
[1] Z. Pan and J. Heflin. DLDB: Extending Relational Databases to Support Semantic Web Queries. Technical Report LU-CSE-04-006, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 2004.
[2] J. Ullman. Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base Systems, volume 1. Computer Science Press, Rockville, MD, 1988.
[3] Volz, Raphael, doctor thesis: Web Ontology Reasoning with Logic Databases. 2004
[4]HolgerWache, D2.1.1: Survey of Scalability Techniques for Reasoning with Ontologies, Knowledge Web Delievables. http://www.cs.vu.nl/~holger/KnowledgeWeb/Deliverables/D2.1.1/D2.1.1-StateOfTheArt.pdf |
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